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Periodontal Disease
Periodontal disease is caused by
PLAQUE. Plaque is a collection of germs (bacteria), which grows around
teeth. This collection of germs release toxins that lead to inflammation
of the gums. Plaque then burrows underneath the gums and creates a space
between the teeth and gums. This space is called a POCKET. Once the
plaque is inside the pocket it causes further inflammation. This
inflammation leads to gradual bone loss around the teeth. The bone loss
is IRREVERSIBLE and can
lead to eventual tooth loss. This process is known as PERIODONTITIS.
What other factors might contribute to periodontal disease?
Although PLAQUE is the primary cause of periodontal disease, other
factors affect the health of your gums including:
Tobacco smoking: smoking plays a very important
part in the progression of periodontitis. Also, healing following
treatment may take more time.
Family history/genetic susceptibility: certain periodontal diseases can
be aggressive and there is sometimes a family history.
Diabetes: periodontal disease is often more severe
in uncontrolled diabetics.
Stress: stress influences the rate at which periodontitis progresses.
Others: pregnancy, puberty and some medications
What are the signs of periodontal
disease?
Periodontal disease usually progresses with few obvious signs and
symptoms. The following are the most common symptoms of periodontal
diseases:
Bleeding gums during brushing
Red, swollen or tender gums
Loose and mobile teeth (Pockets)
Persistent bad breath
Bad taste
Sensitivity
Recession (gums skrinkage)
A change in the way teeth fit together when you bite
Teeth drifting apart
Poor aesthetics
Food traps
Pain and abscess
Early loss of teeth.
Why is a referral necessary?
Your general dentist may give you advice and simple periodontal
treatment. If your periodontal disease is advanced or complicated your
dentist can refer you to a periodontist.
A periodontist is a specialist in the diagnosis, prevention and
treatment of periodontal disease and in the placement of dental
implants.
During the periodontal examination your periodontist will thoroughly
examine your teeth and gums and take radiographs(x-rays) and photographs
of your teeth to check the status of your gums and teeth. A report will
be forwarded to your dentist and you will receive a copy of the report.
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